The development of numerical control technology ensures the quality and performance of numerical control machine tools in China. Due to the strong adaptability of CNC machine tool to workpiece modification, high machining accuracy of sheet metal cabinet and chassis, high productivity and other characteristics, CNC technology has been widely used in sheet metal machine tool, which solves the problems of high precision and complex shape in sheet metal processing. The application in production greatly improves the sheet metal processing capacity, ensures the sheet metal parts in quality and output, and greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers.

今天我們給大家闡述的是機(jī)箱機(jī)柜鈑金工件折彎精度是如何掌握技巧的，這對(duì)工件的精度起著重要的因素。

Today we are going to explain how to master the bending accuracy of the sheet metal parts of the chassis cabinet, which plays an important role in the accuracy of the parts.

間隙折彎法是工件折彎加工的常用方法，是將待加工工件置于折彎?rùn)C(jī)上模和下模之間，借助上、下模板的共同作用完成加工的。在加工的過程中，上下模板并不直接接觸，在工件上下兩側(cè)進(jìn)行力學(xué)施加，完成折彎加工工作。

Gap bending method is a common method of workpiece bending, which is to place the workpiece to be processed between the upper die and the lower die of the bending machine, and complete the processing with the help of the joint action of the upper and lower templates. In the process of processing, the upper and lower templates are not in direct contact with each other, and the mechanical force is applied on both sides of the workpiece to complete the bending process.

以下是實(shí)施方案：

The following is the implementation plan:

1.選擇材質(zhì)均勻的板材

1. Select the plate with uniform material

材質(zhì)不均勻是影響工件折彎精度的重要因素，導(dǎo)致折彎加工的回彈量存在不確定性。針對(duì)此問題，應(yīng)該從板材的選擇入手，盡量選擇材質(zhì)均勻的高質(zhì)量板材作為工件折彎加工的材料。與此同時(shí)，應(yīng)該從板材的制造入手，借助的冶金、鍛造工藝實(shí)現(xiàn)板材質(zhì)量的提升，提高板材整體的均質(zhì)性。

Uneven material is an important factor affecting the bending accuracy of workpiece, which leads to the uncertainty of springback in bending. In view of this problem, we should start from the selection of plate, try to choose high-quality plate with uniform material as the material of workpiece bending. At the same time, we should start from the plate manufacturing, with the help of advanced metallurgy, forging process to improve the quality of the plate, improve the overall homogeneity of the plate.
                            

2.合理設(shè)計(jì)下模開口的角度和寬度

2. Reasonably design the angle and width of the lower die opening

在實(shí)際的折彎加工過程中，因?yàn)椴煌ぜ募庸ば螤顣r(shí)不一樣的，因此，需要采用不同的彎曲程度。在選擇下模開口的角度時(shí)，要選擇一個(gè)能夠滿足折彎件加工要求的下模寬度。假若下模的開口過寬，將導(dǎo)致被加工工件的內(nèi)彎曲圓角過大，壓力減小，導(dǎo)致回彈量增加，影響折彎加工的競(jìng)速。當(dāng)開口寬度過小時(shí)，將導(dǎo)致壓力過大而引起負(fù)載過大，導(dǎo)致工件實(shí)際尺寸“超彎”。針對(duì)此問題，應(yīng)該合理設(shè)計(jì)下模開口的交付寬度。具體來說，應(yīng)該選用內(nèi)彎圓角半徑與材料厚度相當(dāng)?shù)牟牧献鳛檎蹚澒ぜ脑牧?，以此控制下模的開口寬度，并合理設(shè)計(jì)下模開工的角度，確保工件折彎加工的精度。

In the actual bending process, because the processing shapes of different workpieces are different, different bending degrees are needed. When selecting the opening angle of the lower die, it is necessary to select a width of the lower die that can meet the processing requirements of the bending parts. If the opening of the lower die is too wide, the inner bending fillet of the workpiece will be too large, the pressure will be reduced, the springback will increase, and the speed of bending will be affected. When the opening width is too small, the pressure will be too large and the load will be too large, resulting in the actual size of the workpiece "over bending". To solve this problem, the delivery width of the lower die opening should be designed reasonably. Specifically, we should choose the material with the same fillet radius and material thickness as the raw material of the bending workpiece, so as to control the opening width of the lower die, and reasonably design the starting angle of the lower die, so as to ensure the accuracy of the workpiece bending.

3.減小機(jī)床自身的撓曲變形

3. Reduce the bending deformation of the machine tool itself

機(jī)床自身?yè)锨冃蔚闹饕獑栴}是上下滑塊的變形不一致，而且隨著加工工件的尺寸增加，撓曲變形對(duì)加工精度的影響更為突出。所以，應(yīng)該對(duì)折彎?rùn)C(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，盡量減小機(jī)床自身的撓曲變形。具體來說，應(yīng)該在上模上方設(shè)置一個(gè)斜鍥結(jié)構(gòu)，通過斜鍥結(jié)構(gòu)來對(duì)因撓曲變形造成的精度損失進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。在實(shí)際的加工過程中，考慮工件的材料、性質(zhì)的差異，其變形的程度是所差異的，要想實(shí)現(xiàn)較高精度的變形補(bǔ)償就必須進(jìn)行多次測(cè)試，獲得的補(bǔ)償形式，之后進(jìn)行批量化生產(chǎn)，確保工件的加工精度。

The main problem of bending deformation of machine tool itself is that the deformation of upper and lower sliders is inconsistent, and with the increase of workpiece size, the influence of bending deformation on machining accuracy is more prominent. Therefore, the structure of the bending machine should be optimized to minimize the bending deformation of the machine itself. Specifically, a wedge structure should be set up above the upper die to compensate the accuracy loss caused by the bending deformation. In the actual processing process, considering the differences of materials and properties of the workpiece, the degree of deformation is different. In order to achieve higher accuracy of deformation compensation, it is necessary to carry out multiple tests, obtain the compensation form, and then carry out mass production to ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

4、提高工件展開料的尺寸精度

4. Improve the dimensional accuracy of workpiece unfolding

機(jī)箱機(jī)柜加工過程中，工件展開料尺寸精度的提升應(yīng)該熊如下兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行，一是精

In the process of cabinet processing, the improvement of the dimensional accuracy of workpiece unfolding should be carried out in the following two aspects: one is precision

確計(jì)算開料的長(zhǎng)度，考慮工件尺寸的偏差值，將其納入展開料計(jì)算的當(dāng)中，選擇中間值作為計(jì)算數(shù)值，同時(shí)，應(yīng)該合理分配公差值。二是提高工件展開料的加工精度，降低裁剪誤差。

In order to calculate the cutting length, the deviation of workpiece size should be taken into account, and the intermediate value should be selected as the calculation value. At the same time, the tolerance value should be reasonably allocated. The second is to improve the processing accuracy of the workpiece unfolding and reduce the cutting error.

對(duì)于每個(gè)客戶及公司而言，完善的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)流程非常重要，它是做好產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的有效保障。因此，大多工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)公司都會(huì)根據(jù)自己的服務(wù)和特色，建立一套完整合理的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)流程，保證產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的效率和質(zhì)量。

For each customer and company, perfect product design process is very important, it is an effective guarantee for good product design. Therefore, most industrial design companies will establish a complete and reasonable product design process according to their own services and characteristics to ensure the efficiency and quality of product design.